<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Release and initial analysis from Sierra Club below…<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Retweet: <a href="https://twitter.com/sierraclub/status/662243380970164225" class="">https://twitter.com/sierraclub/status/662243380970164225</a><br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><div class=""><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;" class=""><table bgcolor="#ffffff" border="0" style="width: 650px;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=""><div style="border: 2px solid rgb(204, 204, 204);" class=""><table border="0" cellpadding="5" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=""><div class=""><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">Thursday, Nov. 5, 2015</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">Contact: Dan Byrnes, <a href="tel:202-495-3039" value="+12024953039" target="_blank" class="">202-495-3039</a> or <a href="mailto:dan.byrnes@sierraclub.org" target="_blank" class="">dan.byrnes@sierraclub.org</a></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><a href="https://content.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2015/11/sierra-club-tpp-text-concrete-evidence-toxic-deal" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">View as webpage</span></a></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">Sierra Club: TPP Text is “Concrete Evidence” of Toxic Deal</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">WASHINGTON, DC </span><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">-- Today, the government of New Zealand p</span><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">ublished the text of the secretive Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a 12-nation international trade deal. This comes after years of closed-door negotiations by trade officials and select corporate advisers and years of opposition and demands of transparency from the Sierra Club and millions of Americans. Trade experts at the Sierra Club will soon release a detailed analysis of the environmental implications of the deal, but </span><a href="https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/uploads-wysiwig/INITIAL%20ANALYSIS%20-%20ENVIRO%20IMPLICATIONS%20TPP.pdf" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">an initial assessment</span></a><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""> is that, as predicted, the TPP would threaten the health of communities, the environment, and our climate. </span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">In response, Sierra Club Executive Director Michael Brune released the following statement:</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">“We now have concrete evidence that the Trans-Pacific Partnership threatens our families, our communities, and our environment. It’s no surprise that the deal is rife with polluter giveaways that would undermine decades of environmental progress, threaten our climate, and fail to adequately protect wildlife because big polluters helped write the deal. </span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">“The words ‘climate change’ don’t even appear in the text, a dead giveaway that this isn’t a 21st-century trade deal. It sets us back further, empowering fossil fuel corporations to challenge our public health and climate safeguards in unaccountable trade tribunals while increasing dirty fossil fuel exports and fracking.</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">“Many provisions in the deal’s environment chapter are toothless and fail to offer any of the protections proponents of this deal have touted. </span><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;" class="">Some provisions even fail to meet the minimum standards of environmental protection established in the 'fast-track' law and included in past trade deals negotiated under the George W. Bush administration.</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">“Congress must stand up for American jobs, clean air and water, and a healthy climate by rejecting the toxic Trans-Pacific Partnership.”</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">###</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">To view the Sierra Club’s initial TPP text analysis, click here: </span><a href="https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/uploads-wysiwig/INITIAL%20ANALYSIS%20-%20ENVIRO%20IMPLICATIONS%20TPP.pdf" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class="">https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/uploads-wysiwig/INITIAL%20ANALYSIS%20-%20ENVIRO%20IMPLICATIONS%20TPP.pdf</span></a><span style="font-size: 14.6667px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: transparent;" class=""> </span></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" class=""> </p></div><div class=""><u class=""><em class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">About the Sierra Club</span></em></u></div><div class=""><em class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">The Sierra Club is America’s largest and most influential grassroots environmental organization, with more than 2.4 million members and supporters nationwide. In addition to creating opportunities for people of all ages, levels and locations to have meaningful outdoor experiences, the Sierra Club works to safeguard the health of our communities, protect wildlife, and preserve our remaining wild places through grassroots activism, public education, lobbying, and litigation. For more information, visit <a href="http://www.sierraclub.org" target="_blank" class="">http://www.sierraclub.org</a>.</span></em></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td class=""><table bgcolor="#efefef" border="0" cellpadding="5" style="width: 640px;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=""><div style="width: 640px;" class=""><a href="http://www.facebook.com/SierraClub" target="_blank" class=""><img alt="FBW.jpg" border="0" height="19" src="http://action.sierraclub.org/images/content/pagebuilder/FBW.jpg" width="171" class=""></a><a href="http://action.sierraclub.org/site/PageServer?pagename=TakeAction" target="_blank" class=""><img alt="ACW.jpg" border="0" height="19" src="http://action.sierraclub.org/images/content/pagebuilder/ACW.jpg" width="134" class=""></a><a href="http://action.sierraclub.org/site/PageServer?pagename=Signup_Insider" target="_blank" class=""><img alt="INW.jpg" border="0" height="19" src="http://action.sierraclub.org/images/content/pagebuilder/INW.jpg" width="136" class=""></a><a href="http://twitter.com/sierraclub" target="_blank" class=""><img alt="TWW.jpg" border="0" height="19" src="http://action.sierraclub.org/images/content/pagebuilder/TWW.jpg" width="171" class=""></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p align="center" class=""><img align="right" alt="logo-coal3.jpg" border="0" height="66" src="http://action.sierraclub.org/images/content/pagebuilder/logo-coal3.jpg" width="136" class="">Sierra Club | 85 2nd St San Francisco, CA 94105 | <a href="mailto:sierra.news@sierraclub.org" target="_blank" class="">sierra.news@sierraclub.org</a><br class="">To subscribe, email <a href="mailto:media.assistant@sierraclub.org" target="_blank" class="">media.assistant@sierraclub.org</a> | <a href="http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom" target="_blank" class="">www.sierraclub.org/pressroom</a><br class=""><em class="">Explore, enjoy, and protect the planet. </em></p><div class=""><em class=""><br class=""></em></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></span></div><div apple-content-edited="true" class="">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><p class="" align="center" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; text-align: center;"><b class=""><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">TPP Text Analysis: The TPP Would Increase Risks to Our Air, Water, and Climate</span></b></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Based on our initial analysis of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) text, the Sierra Club confirms that the TPP would not only fail to protect our environment, but would threaten our air, water, and climate. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><b class=""><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><br class="">The Environment Chapter</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><b class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span></b></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin: 0in 0in 6pt 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><b class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) Rollback:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> The TPP actually takes a step back from the environmental protections of all U.S. free trade agreements (FTAs) since 2007 with respect to MEAs. Past deals have required each of our FTA partners to “adopt, maintain, and implement laws, regulations, and all other measures to fulfill its obligations under” <b class=""><i class="">seven</i></b> core MEAs. The TPP, however, only requires countries in the pact to “adopt, maintain, and implement” domestic policies to fulfill <b class=""><i class="">one of the seven</i></b> core MEAs –</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> the </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">. This regression violates: </span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The bipartisan “May 2007” agreement between then-President George W. Bush and congressional Democrats;</span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The minimum degree of environmental protection required under the Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015, also known as “fast track;” and</span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The minimum obligation needed to deter countries from violating their critical commitments in environmental treaties in order to boost trade or investment.</span></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-left: 0.25in;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin: 0in 0in 6pt 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><b class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Weak Conservation Rules:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> While the range of conservation issues mentioned in the TPP may be wide, the obligations – what countries are actually required to do – are generally very shallow. Vague obligations combined with weak enforcement, as described below, may allow countries to continue with business-as-usual practices that threaten our environment. </span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Illegal Trade in Flora and Fauna</span></u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">:<b class=""> </b>Rather than <i class="">prohibiting</i> trade in illegally taken timber and wildlife – major issues in TPP countries like Peru and Vietnam – the TPP only asks countries “to combat” such trade. To comply, the text requires only weak measures, such as “exchanging information and experiences,” while stronger measures like sanctions are merely listed as options. <b class=""></b></span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing</span></u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">:<b class=""> </b>Rather than <i class="">obligating</i> countries to abide by trade-related provisions of regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) that could help prevent illegally caught fish from entering international trade, the TPP merely calls on countries to </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">“endeavor not to undermine” RFMO trade documentation – a non-binding provision that could allow the TPP to facilitate increased trade in IUU fish. <b class=""></b></span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Shark Finning and Commercial Whaling</span></u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">:<b class=""> </b>Rather than <i class="">banning</i> commercial whaling and shark fin trade – major issues in TPP countries like Japan and Singapore – the TPP includes a toothless aspiration to “</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">promote the long-term conservation of sharks…and marine mammals” via a non-binding list of suggested measures that countries “should” take. </span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><b class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span></b></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-left: 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><b class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Climate Change Omission:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> Despite the fact that trade can significantly increase climate-disrupting emissions by spurring increased shipping, consumption, and fossil fuel exports, the TPP text fails to even <i class="">mention</i> the words “climate change” or the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – the international climate treaty that all TPP countries are party to.</span><b class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><b class=""><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Lack of Enforcement</span></u></b><b class=""><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""></span></u></b></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Even if the TPP’s conservation terms included more specific obligations and fewer vague exhortations, there is little evidence to suggest that they would be enforced, given the historical lack of enforcement of environmental obligations in U.S. trade pacts. The United States has never once brought a trade case against another country for failing to live up to its environmental commitments in trade agreements – even amid documented evidence of countries violating those commitments. </span></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">For example, the U.S.-Peru FTA, passed in 2007, included a Forestry Annex that not only required Peru “to combat trade associated with illegal logging,” but included eight pages of specific reforms that Peru had to take to fulfill this requirement. The obligations were far more detailed than any found in the TPP environment chapter, and were subject to the same enforcement mechanism. But after more than six years of the U.S. – Peru trade deal, widespread illegal logging remains unchecked in Peru's Amazon rain forest. In a 2014 investigation, Peru’s own government found that 78 percent of wood slated for export was harvested illegally. </span></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">For years, U.S. environmental groups have asked the U.S. government to use the FTA to counter Peru’s extensive illegal logging. Yet to date, Peru has faced no formal challenges, much less penalties, for violating its trade pact obligations. It is hard to imagine that the TPP’s weaker provisions would be more successful in combatting conservation challenges.</span></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><b class=""><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">New Rights for Fossil Fuel Corporations to Challenge Climate Protections</span></u></b></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin: 0in 0in 6pt 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">The TPP would undermine efforts to combat the climate crisis, empowering foreign fossil fuel corporations to challenge our environmental and climate safeguards in unaccountable trade tribunals via the controversial investor-state dispute settlement system. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""></span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin: 0in 0in 6pt 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The TPP’s extraordinary rights for foreign corporations virtually replicate those in past pacts that have enabled more than 600 foreign investor challenges to the policies of more than 100 governments, including a moratorium on fracking in Quebec, a nuclear energy phase-out in Germany, and an </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0in; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">environmental panel’s decision to reject a mining project </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">in Nova Scotia.</span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-left: 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">In one fell swoop, the TPP would roughly double the number of firms that could use this system to challenge U.S. policies. Foreign investor privileges would be newly extended to more than 9,000 firms in the United States. That includes, for example, the U.S. subsidiaries of BHP Billiton, one of the world's largest mining companies, whose U.S. investments range from coal mines in New Mexico to offshore oil drilling in the Gulf of Mexico to fracking operations in Texas. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""></span></p><div style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><b class=""><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Locking in Natural Gas Exports and Fracking</span></u></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><br class="">The TPP’s provisions regarding natural gas would require the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to automatically approve <i class="">all</i> exports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to <i class="">all</i> TPP countries – including Japan, the world’s largest LNG importer. This would: </span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin: 0in 0in 6pt 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Facilitate Increased Fracking</span></u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">: Increased natural gas production would mean more fracking, which causes air and water pollution, health risks, and earthquakes, according to a litany of studies. </span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin: 0in 0in 6pt 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Exacerbate Climate Change</span></u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">: LNG is a carbon-intensive fuel with significantly higher life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions than natural gas. LNG dependency spells more climate disruption. </span></p><p class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto; margin-left: 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" class="">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';" class=""> </span></span><u class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Increased Dependence on Fossil Fuel Infrastructure</span></u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">: LNG export requires a large new fossil fuel infrastructure, including a network of natural gas wells, terminals, liquefaction plants, pipelines, and compressors that help lock in climate-disrupting fossil fuel production. </span></p></div></div></span></span></div></div></body></html>