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-------- Forwarded Message --------
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Subject:
</th>
<td>Friends of the Earth backgrounder re: ongoing U.S.-EU
trade talks in New York City</td>
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<tr>
<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Date: </th>
<td>Wed, 27 Apr 2016 21:21:57 +0000</td>
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">From: </th>
<td>Waren, William <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:WWaren@foe.org"><WWaren@foe.org></a></td>
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">To: </th>
<td>'Adrian Bebb' <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:adrian.bebb@foeeurope.org"><adrian.bebb@foeeurope.org></a>,
'<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:aterzieva@ciel.org">aterzieva@ciel.org</a>' <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:aterzieva@ciel.org"><aterzieva@ciel.org></a>, Adam
Weissman <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:adam@tradejustice.net"><adam@tradejustice.net></a>, 'Baskut Tuncak'
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:btuncak@ciel.org"><btuncak@ciel.org></a>, 'Bill Snape'
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:bsnape@biologicaldiversity.org"><bsnape@biologicaldiversity.org></a>, Brent Blackwelder
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:brentblackwelder@yahoo.com"><brentblackwelder@yahoo.com></a>, 'Ben Lilliston'
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:BLilliston@iatp.org"><BLilliston@iatp.org></a>, 'Olsson Bruce'
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:bolsson@iamaw.org"><bolsson@iamaw.org></a></td>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#.74z8vbpd0">https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#.74z8vbpd0</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img id="Picture_x0020_8"
src="cid:part2.D61BF3B5.622A1D08@tradejustice.net" alt="FOE
logo long.jpg" border="0" height="145" width="347"><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://medium.com/@foe_us"><span
style="text-decoration:none"><img id="Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:part3.92BAEE38.1838E089@tradejustice.net"
alt="Go to the profile of Friends of the Earth"
border="0" height="36" width="36"></span></a><span
style="font-size:20.0pt">Massive protest rocked Germany in
advance of U.S.-EU trade talks</span><o:p></o:p></h3>
<h4 name="a24d" id="a24d">by <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://twitter.com/wwaren1">Bill Waren</a>, senior
trade analyst<o:p></o:p></h4>
<p class="MsoNormal" name="4846" id="4846"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/@foe_us">Friends of the Earth</a><span
class="postmetainline">6 mins ago</span><span
class="readingtime">5 min read</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img id="Picture_x0020_2"
src="cid:part7.82DFFBD5.50D9476D@tradejustice.net"
alt="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/2000/1*O5fzfcPW8GjO4I_JWfDorg.jpeg"
border="0" height="548" width="808"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Photo credit: Jörg Farys, Die Projektoren
für Umweltinstitut München<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p"><span class="graf-dropcap"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">On</span></span><span
style="font-size:14.0pt"> Saturday April 23, tens of
thousands of demonstrators flooded the streets and public
squares of Hannover, Germany to protest the environmentally
destructive Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
trade deal between the U.S. and the European Union.
Estimates of the size of the crowd ranged from 25,000 to
90,000. The massive rally was scheduled the day before Obama
met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel in Hanover in a
desperate attempt to sell the TTIP deal and two days before
the U.S. and the EU opened weeklong TTIP negotiations in New
York City.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="b556" id="b556"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">The German public is outraged that
a TTIP agreement that would ramp up U.S. exports to Europe
of climate destroying fossil fuel exports<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn1">[i]</a>
and <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/news-releases/2013-02-friends-of-the-earth-alarmed-by-state-of-the-union-remarks-on-trade">lower
alleged regulatory “barriers”</a> to transatlantic trade
and investment — such as those related to family farming<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn2">[ii]</a>,
food safety<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn3">[iii]</a>,
genetically-engineered products<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn4">[iv]</a>
and toxic chemicals<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn5">[v]</a>,
among many others.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="f0c2" id="f0c2"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">Ordinary Germans are also angered
by an investment chapter in TTIP that would allow giant
multinational firms to<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foeeurope.org/sites/default/files/foee_factsheet_isds_oct13.pdf">
sue governments for millions or billions </a>in money
damages if climate, <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/93/56/0/4599/FoEE_TTIP-ISDS-fracking-060314.pdf">environmental</a>
or public health regulations interfere with expected future
profits. This would discourage government action, for just a
few examples, restricting oil and gas drilling, imposing
pollution controls, or limiting the use of
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/archives/2014-03-no-fracking-way-new-brief-from-friends-of-the-earth">hydraulic
fracturing.</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="256e" id="256e"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">As an example of the harm that such
investor suit provisions can cause, TransCanada has sued the
U.S. under the North American Free Trade Agreement for
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2016/01/09/transcanada-nafta-keystone-isds_n_8945334.html">$15
billion</a> for stopping construction of the Keystone XL
pipeline. As a <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/uploads-wysiwig/climate-roadblocks.pdf">new
report</a> documents, the TTIP and another looming trade
deal, the Trans Pacific Partnership would more than double
the number of fossil fuel corporations that could follow
TransCanada’s lead and use corporate dominated investment
arbitration tribunals as a backdoor way of challenging U.S.
policies that keep fossil fuels in the ground.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img id="Picture_x0020_3"
src="cid:part19.70F426CC.142F160E@tradejustice.net"
alt="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/800/1*fv5c5SlCcaQhTt1IX5r5aA.jpeg"
border="0" height="682" width="432"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Photo credit: Jorg Fary, Die Projecktoren
fur Umweltinstitut Munchen<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">The TTIP can
also be effectively enforced in government to government
litigation before trade tribunals, empowered to impose
retaliatory trade sanctions like higher tariffs on the
exports or loss of intellectual property rights.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="66b5" id="66b5"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">To top it off, the TTIP will
establish institutions and procedures to quash environmental
initiatives before they can even be promulgated. Regulatory
review chapters in the TTIP would encourage
business-friendly, cost-benefit analysis that would
hamstring environmental or other public interest
regulations. For example, insecticide safety standards would
be lowered if the undervalued “benefit” of protecting the
bees is outweighed by the “cost” to corporate profits.<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn1">[i]</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="7e89" id="7e89"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">Joseph Stiglitz, winner of the
Nobel Prize in Economics and former chief economist at the
World Bank and past chair of the President’s Council of
Economic Advisors, summed up the situation in an opinion
piece in the distinguished German newspaper,
Süddeutsche_Zeitung, shortly before the Obama-Merkel meeting
in Hannover:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="b940" id="b940"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt">“German Chancellor Angela Merkel
and U.S. President
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/thema/Barack_Obama">Barack
Obama</a> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn2">[ii]</a> …were
instrumental in securing the Paris Agreement on climate
change. Yet in Hannover they are poised to undermine their
joint climate legacy by pushing forward the Transatlantic
Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). Together with its
sibling, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/thema/TTIP">
TTIP</a> has the potential to undercut urgently needed
action on climate that the Paris agreement requires.”<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://medium.com/economic-policy/massive-protest-rocks-germany-in-advance-of-u-s-eu-trade-talks-89ee8c229a19#_edn3">[iii]</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img id="Picture_x0020_4"
src="cid:part25.12984F96.A7DAE6A7@tradejustice.net"
alt="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/800/1*jrpb_SrGITrD36a2S3-4jA.jpeg"
border="0" height="533" width="800"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Photo credit: Jorg Fary, Die Projecktoren
fur Umweltinstitut Munchen<o:p></o:p></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center" align="center">
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%">
</div>
<h4 name="154e" id="154e">Footnotes<o:p></o:p></h4>
<p class="graf--p" name="033c" id="033c">[i] <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:wwaren@foe.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:wwaren@foe.org">wwaren@foe.org</a></a>;
202.222.0746.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="2718" id="2718">[ii] The TTIP would
stimulate a <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/archives/2012-11-control-fossil-fuel-exports-part-1">boom
in oil, coal, and liquefied natural gas exports</a> from the
US to Europe, thus further
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/blog/2013-05-chevron-fracks-europe-transatlantic-trade--investmen">fueling
climate change</a>. The TTIP would trump the
recently-concluded Paris accord on climate change. It can be
effectively enforced by international tribunals with authority
to levy retaliatory trade sanctions or unlimited awards of
money damages whereas multilateral environmental and climate
agreements like the Paris accord are mere moral obligations. A
leaked
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/TTIPNonPaper.pdf">draft
negotiating text</a> for the E.U. on energy issues was
published online.
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://action.sierraclub.org/site/DocServer/Analysis_of_EU_Energy_Proposal_for_TTIP-Final_-_Sierra_C.pdf?docID=15781">An
analysis</a> of the leaked text shows that the draft
European proposal for TTIP energy provisions would “expand
fossil fuel exports from the U.S. to the EU.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="c5b4" id="c5b4">[iii] Friends of the
Earth, TTIP bad for agriculture, health and the environment
says U.S. and EU civil society, July 10, 2014:
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/news-releases/2014-07-ttip-bad-for-agriculture-health-and-the-environment#sthash.8kbLbhGh.dpuf">http://www.foe.org/news/news-releases/2014-07-ttip-bad-for-agriculture-health-and-the-environment#sthash.8kbLbhGh.dpuf</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="51a6" id="51a6">[iv] Industry lobbyists
have called for <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/archives/2013-04-free-trade-in-frankenfish-trans-atlantic-free-trade">TTIP
provisions that would make it much easier to challenge
safeguards</a> related to<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elizabeth-kucinich/ttip-a-race-to-the-top-or_b_3375737.html">
food safety
</a>and animal health. European firms are seeking to relax
U.S. regulatory safeguards related to mad cow disease. But
U.S. agri-business has even more ambitious
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/files/tafta-food-factsheet_30298.pdf">plans
to lower food safety standards</a> in Europe, seeking to
deregulate EU restrictions on imports of beef treated with
growth hormones, chicken washed in chlorine and meat produced
with growth stimulants, among others.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="438c" id="438c">[v] TTIP could open the
door for <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://citizen.typepad.com/eyesontrade/2013/12/monsantos-plan-b-a-backdoor-to-genetically-modified-food.html">U.S.
exports of genetically engineered goods</a> into Europe,
where market access is currently restricted — or at least
labeling is required — because of
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/projects/food-and-technology/synthetic-biology">safety
concerns</a>. This could
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.citizen.org/documents/GMObackgrndr.pdf">threaten</a>
ecosystems, public health and the
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foeeurope.org/sites/default/files/foee_iatp_factsheet_ttip_food_oct13.pdf">livelihoods
of small farmers</a>, among other <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/projects/food-and-technology/genetic-engineering">
adverse consequences</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="ed21" id="ed21">[vi] <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/blog/2013-06-sinister-partners-transatlantic-trade-agreement--tox">TTIP
poses risks to the EU’s health-protective approach to
chemical regulation</a>, called
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.indiana.edu/%7Espea/faculty/pdf/REACH_report.pdf">REACH</a>.
If the American Chemistry Council gets its way, the
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ciel.org/Chem/TTIP_10Mar2014.html">TTIP
process</a> could “harmonize down”
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/internal_market/single_market_for_goods/chemical_products/l21282_en.htm">European
chemical regulations</a> so that they approach <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://static.ewg.org/pdf/Combined-CSIA-Letters-2013.pdf">
low federal standards</a> in the U.S., namely the <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ewg.org/news/news-releases/2009/02/26/house-hearing-examine-case-tsca-reform">failed
Toxic Substances Control Act</a>. In coming years, this
could also prevent comprehensive reform of federal chemicals
regulation, resulting in weaker rules for chemicals associated
with breast cancer, autism and infertility. More immediately,
it would undercut more <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sacbee.com/2013/10/17/5827527/viewpoints-legislation-could-hurt.html">effective
toxic chemical regulation currently on the books in
California</a> and other states.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="45bf" id="45bf">[vii] Bill Waren,
Assessment: Trade deal attack on pollinator protection,
Friends of the Earth, 10/21/2015,
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://webiva-downton.s3.amazonaws.com/877/58/2/6702/Assessment.Trade_deal_attack_on_pollinator_protection.pdf">http://webiva-downton.s3.amazonaws.com/877/58/2/6702/Assessment.Trade_deal_attack_on_pollinator_protection.pdf</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="5b4d" id="5b4d">[viii] The Paris
agreement acknowledges the urgent need to keep global warming
below 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels to avoid
catastrophic climate change, but the greenhouse gas
pollution-cutting pledges of signatory countries <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://civilsocietyreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/CSO_FullReport.pdf">fall
critically short </a>of meeting this critical target. The
U.S. has played a major role in the agreement’s inadequacy. It
has refused to do
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.climatefairshares.org/methodology">its fair
share</a> and take responsibility for the country’s
historical contribution to today’s global climate emergency.
Instead, the U.S. has unjustly shifted this burden to the
developing countries in the Global South and has failed to
provide its fair share of financial support to enable
developing countries to take meaningful climate action. To
fight the climate crisis, the U.S. must keep fossil fuels in
the ground, undertake a clean energy revolution, and provide
the Global South with the financial and technological
assistance demanded by science, equity, and justice.
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foe.org/news/news-releases/2016-04-obama-administration-urged-to-do-fair-share-to-fight-climate-crisis#sthash.tZH3GiXK.dpuf">http://www.foe.org/news/news-releases/2016-04-obama-administration-urged-to-do-fair-share-to-fight-climate-crisis#sthash.tZH3GiXK.dpuf</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="graf--p" name="a2ba" id="a2ba">[ix] Joseph E.
Stiglitz, University Professor, Columbia University, recipient
of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2001) and
the John Bates Clark Medal (1979), former senior vice
president and chief economist of the World Bank and a former
chairman of the (US president’s) Council of Economic Advisers,
TTIP and Climate Change: A Tale of Two Cities from Paris to
Hannover, Süddeutsche_Zeitung, 23. April 2016,
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/exterior-view-ttip-and-climate-change-a-tale-of-two-cities-from-paris-to-hannover-1.2963133">http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/exterior-view-ttip-and-climate-change-a-tale-of-two-cities-from-paris-to-hannover-1.2963133</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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