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<div><br class=""><div class="">Begin forwarded message:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);" class=""><b class="">From: </b></span><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Bill Bullard <<a href="mailto:billbullard@r-calfusa.com" class="">billbullard@r-calfusa.com</a>><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);" class=""><b class="">Subject: </b></span><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><b class="">R-CALF USA to ITC: The Proposed USMCA Will Substantially Harm U.S. Cattle Producers</b><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);" class=""><b class="">Date: </b></span><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">December 21, 2018 at 10:10:11 AM EST<br class=""></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);" class=""><b class="">To: </b></span><span style="font-family: -webkit-system-font, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Arthur Stamoulis <<a href="mailto:arthur@citizenstrade.org" class="">arthur@citizenstrade.org</a>><br class=""></span></div><br class=""><div class="">
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<strong class=""><i class=""><span style="font-size:22.0pt;color:white" class="">R-CALF United Stockgrowers of America</span></i></strong><i class=""><span style="font-size:22.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:white" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;background:#373737">
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Media Contact: Bill Bullard, R-CALF USA CEO <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#0000EE" class=""><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001hgnqdga351t1hTMqEts-e_T-wbZ7g4dss9oNnLF2ieD7453uhT4YBaFjJ4WJw2bQDCT1r4MBamqlL_v5fu-82s0i2JQhN6ReFNvN1lsr9ayIXo1v1IULcCFB8p8f22e1BnhxgdY-_HKcNDk-OarYX2D7G5Se2nqS1F84Jfha9OXo_NM75i0TZg==&c=5fenQht2ssjuxvdrmW2yk3Ng0ahQgD7U8ClVIFqChIJgHV-jf0hVUA==&ch=xvi7wAG_IISNhzFzvg92CymdGbZ8_QOKbsSPMNMFoOvKcBsPAnVKHA==" target="_blank" class=""><span style="color:#0000EE" class="">r-calfusa@r-calfusa.com</span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">, (406)
252-2516<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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here</a> .<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b class=""><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">R-CALF USA to ITC: The Proposed USMCA Will Substantially Harm U.S. Cattle Producers </span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Georgia, serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<td valign="top" style="padding:6.0pt 15.0pt 6.75pt 15.0pt" class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b class=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">Billings, Mont.
</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">- Today, R-CALF USA filed its final submissions to the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), culminating the group's efforts to ensure the ITC's upcoming report to
the President and Congress will accurately describe the likely impacts the recently proposed U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) will have on the U.S. cattle industry.
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">"The likely impact of the USMCA on the U.S. cattle industry will be substantial, and it will be substantially negative," R-CALF USA
CEO Bill Bullard said in oral testimony before the ITC.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015 requires the ITC to submit to the President and to Congress a report assessing
the likely impact of the USMCA on the United States economy and on specific industry sectors. The ITC's investigation and report must be completed within 105 days after the President signed the agreement.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">R-CALF USA has been participating in the ITC's investigation since October 15. On October 29 the group submitted its
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#0070C0" class=""><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001hgnqdga351t1hTMqEts-e_T-wbZ7g4dss9oNnLF2ieD7453uhT4YBRHLY-l3LtIEIsQ592RIJMOBVT8exRHlN_n9V7TV5Ox2DJl0gMBfHAbw1rsyEQqbYKEz5k1WPHM8qz1m4KgibKq6S8TIIMxNcA_Ps6r7n6_jrBY6XNjp_dM_5oqqjMkOic8yncQ254ze_A_dNLhYaTt_56tz_j6zgc82EHzxZowVQ78pFCWvpXJLVEQzfNvoBK6oYu8ktpYYQIYuH79n6wwVgzXwuzJZBq-9T_EDJsEp&c=5fenQht2ssjuxvdrmW2yk3Ng0ahQgD7U8ClVIFqChIJgHV-jf0hVUA==&ch=xvi7wAG_IISNhzFzvg92CymdGbZ8_QOKbsSPMNMFoOvKcBsPAnVKHA==" target="_blank" class=""><span style="color:#0070C0" class="">pre-hearing
brief</span></a>. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">It provided
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#0070C0" class=""><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001hgnqdga351t1hTMqEts-e_T-wbZ7g4dss9oNnLF2ieD7453uhT4YBRHLY-l3LtIEWfq-TmCnhlj7JC5HFQBkb_uENEUJylw56L-6AF5CuE5quQLL_-hdIGR2PpeaH39cztzAIn7tGUxRH6rQVjMx6jwMhK8ioQTGiTE09JqGSf-gtIuiPNUoOwOSpwDA_iam8_TnnDBJYMKMsFpPEWQxAXdx3OFrcF7QnKfrshhLpyfFNqu6i5W_phI8jkKZZXyV5VSo14SniYOW0MJhq-atMDR_Ce_qk3tU&c=5fenQht2ssjuxvdrmW2yk3Ng0ahQgD7U8ClVIFqChIJgHV-jf0hVUA==&ch=xvi7wAG_IISNhzFzvg92CymdGbZ8_QOKbsSPMNMFoOvKcBsPAnVKHA==" target="_blank" class=""><span style="color:#0070C0" class="">oral
testimony</span></a> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">during the ITC's November 16 hearing and submitted its
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#0070C0" class=""><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001hgnqdga351t1hTMqEts-e_T-wbZ7g4dss9oNnLF2ieD7453uhT4YBRHLY-l3LtIELCYIXzP8TrNJ-LCa3NfzBXu4zp0tmJLR6ZtzDCS_XwMDVCooC9ab68P6kAKo1ncr57Ae1Tz9ih1ker8tP2rnIgYi9b4CEtbomF3lvQvHkfJIm3KjUKN25X9dQYYXcIy6DPVZnvv-jN9kJ1WAv1mp7og_8ZzOwBLqARPFZMqaaHXENVr0vSwZcqbvArNcv3B7CjGDYjH33mtwJS_3xaJ8xRjS5inGWF8HUVmiykdongwUPPl601FVXA==&c=5fenQht2ssjuxvdrmW2yk3Ng0ahQgD7U8ClVIFqChIJgHV-jf0hVUA==&ch=xvi7wAG_IISNhzFzvg92CymdGbZ8_QOKbsSPMNMFoOvKcBsPAnVKHA==" target="_blank" class=""><span style="color:#0070C0" class="">post-hearing
brief</span></a> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">on December 19. Today the group submitted its
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#0070C0" class=""><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001hgnqdga351t1hTMqEts-e_T-wbZ7g4dss9oNnLF2ieD7453uhT4YBRHLY-l3LtIEnIfS0iMOe4PiNDbITn8tk8h5GOTYSjgtgsBwxVBEW4iX9byanDo-9OvzlAeaylcXn-4nab6VO6jWimDhhw1IhCf2oTS6xTwSAUJOIr6VD0PS7_NsmdK71YdwcflTScTOR5cy0Hw0IaCdQQTq7GXCbfUXJyZptwpqWVec3pr1j7WgB-4Ye4vYT2ZnJzrW82LuyHxbLyNOVO1RqhJZ5GtI0w==&c=5fenQht2ssjuxvdrmW2yk3Ng0ahQgD7U8ClVIFqChIJgHV-jf0hVUA==&ch=xvi7wAG_IISNhzFzvg92CymdGbZ8_QOKbsSPMNMFoOvKcBsPAnVKHA==" target="_blank" class=""><span style="color:#0070C0" class="">final
summary</span></a> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">regarding the USMCA's likely impact on the U.S. cattle industry.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">In its submissions, the group explained that because the USMCA adopts the same provisions in the original North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) regarding cattle and beef trade, the likely impacts of the new agreement can be assessed by reviewing the impact that the NAFTA had on the industry during the past 24 years.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The group stated the impact of those NAFTA provisions were disastrous to independent cattle producers because they empowered multinational
beef packers to indiscriminately displace domestic cattle and beef production with cheaper, undifferentiated imports of both cattle and beef. This, the groups said, has substantially weakened the U.S. live cattle supply chain and has caused the dismantling
of the domestic supply chain's critical marketing channels and infrastructure, which has substantially reduced competition for the industry and is contributing to the hollowing out of America's rural communities.
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The group identified 10 indices of harms the NAFTA agreement has wrought on the U.S. cattle industry. Those indices include:<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
<ol start="1" type="1" class="">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">Twenty percent of all U.S. beef cattle operations exited the industry from 1994 to 2012, based on latest available census data.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">Seventy-five percent of all U.S. cattle feedlots exited the industry from 1996 to 2017.
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">By 2014, the U.S. beef cow herd declined to the lowest level in seven decades and today is nearly three million head less than it was in 1994.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">Forty-eight U.S. beef packing plants exited the industry between 1995-2014, and there have been very few new entrants into the sector or new packing plants built.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">The average annual returns per bred cow for U.S. cow/calf producers declined from an average of $50 during the seven years prior to 1994 to only $37 from 1994 through 2017.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">The only years cow/calf returns per bred cow exceeded the NAFTA period's $37 average were in 2004-2005 when the U.S. banned Canadian cattle imports; and after the 2009 implementation of country-of-origin
labeling (COOL). <o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">Under NAFTA, the U.S. cattle industry suffered on average an annual $1.4 billion deficit in the trade of cattle, beef, beef variety meats and processed beef, resulting in a cumulative NAFTA
trade deficit of negative $31 billion. <o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">In 2014, the U.S. cattle industry suffered a 41 percent value-based import surge from Canada and Mexico, resulting in the collapse of U.S. cattle prices beginning in 2015.
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">The U.S. cattle producers' share of every consumer beef dollar declined from 56 percent the year before NAFTA to just 45 percent in 2017; consequently, packer margins reached unprecedented levels
in recent years, averaging $216 per head from 2016 through mid-2018.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">Average returns to U.S. cattle feeders during the past 18 years under NAFTA were a negative $20.40 per head per month.
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></li></ol><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">In its
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#0070C0" class=""><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001hgnqdga351t1hTMqEts-e_T-wbZ7g4dss9oNnLF2ieD7453uhT4YBRHLY-l3LtIELCYIXzP8TrNJ-LCa3NfzBXu4zp0tmJLR6ZtzDCS_XwMDVCooC9ab68P6kAKo1ncr57Ae1Tz9ih1ker8tP2rnIgYi9b4CEtbomF3lvQvHkfJIm3KjUKN25X9dQYYXcIy6DPVZnvv-jN9kJ1WAv1mp7og_8ZzOwBLqARPFZMqaaHXENVr0vSwZcqbvArNcv3B7CjGDYjH33mtwJS_3xaJ8xRjS5inGWF8HUVmiykdongwUPPl601FVXA==&c=5fenQht2ssjuxvdrmW2yk3Ng0ahQgD7U8ClVIFqChIJgHV-jf0hVUA==&ch=xvi7wAG_IISNhzFzvg92CymdGbZ8_QOKbsSPMNMFoOvKcBsPAnVKHA==" target="_blank" class=""><span style="color:#0070C0" class="">post-hearing
brief</span></a></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">, R-CALF USA refuted what it called baseless and false claims made by the North American Meat Institute (NAMI) and the National Cattlemen's Beef Association
(NCBA). The group refuted what it called false claims by the NCBA that exports have returned $320 per fed animal to U.S. cattle producers, that country-of-origin labeling (COOL) did not benefit the U.S. cattle industry, and that the greatest threat to the
U.S. cattle industry is labor.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">For example, R-CALF USA stated the NCBA deceptively uses wholesale beef prices received by beef packers and beef exporters to calculate
its $320 per head benefit from exports.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">"Proceeds from export sales are not based on cattle prices paid to domestic cattle producers," they are based on what packers and
other wholesalers receive and that is why packers are now earning record margins while U.S. cattle prices remain depressed," said Bullard.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">The group also explained how the testimony by the NAMI and NCBA actually proves R-CALF USA's position that NAFTA has displaced domestic
cattle and beef production.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">In conclusion, R-CALF USA stated that because the USMCA incorporates NAFTA's fundamentally flawed provisions, it should be expected
that the USMCA will now cause the elimination of the critical mass of competitive marketing channels and industry infrastructure needed to sustain an independent family farm and ranch system of cattle production in the United States. Thus, the new USMCA will
accelerate the destruction of the U.S. cattle industry as we know it today.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<td valign="top" style="padding:6.0pt 15.0pt 6.75pt 15.0pt" class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><i class=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class="">R-CALF USA (Ranchers-Cattlemen Action Legal Fund, United Stockgrowers of America) is the largest producer-only cattle trade association
in the United States. It is a national, nonprofit organization dedicated to ensuring the continued profitability and viability of the U.S. cattle industry. For more information, visit
</span></i><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><a href="http://www.r-calfusa.com/" class="">www.r-calfusa.com</a>
<i class="">or call 406-252-2516.</i><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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